The gun debate has heated up in light of the events in Newton, CT. Predictably, people on the extreme right have decried any attempt to limit or regulate guns using a host of typically
lame and
uninspired arguments. But the one
we get today from Douglas C. Tate of Elk City is mind-bogglingly stupid. About the Second Amendment, he writes that, "The Founders intended [it] to ensure citizens could overthrow a tyrannical government and for self-defense — unalienable rights," adding that "A co-author of the amendment, George Mason, said, “I ask sir, who is the militia? It is the whole people ... To disarm the people is the best and most effectual way to enslave them.”
To clarify, Mr. Tate is regurgitating a common argument espoused from many on the right that the "Founders" wanted us to have guns just in case we needed to rise up against our own government in the event that it became too "tyrannical" (whatever that means).
Before addressing the specifics of this point, let's think about it purely from a logical point of view. Does it make sense--
does it really makes sense-- to imagine a government would include provisions to make sure that people could rise up against it? Were a bunch of wealthy aristocrats and land-owners thinking "Man-- what if the
hoi polloi hate us? We should make sure they can kill us and reform the government as they see fit!" Probably not.
Also, as an aside: nothing is worse than the use of out-of-context, unreferenced quotes with elipses from some "Founder" or other to try to prove a point. Obviously, Mr. Tate has some bookmarked web paged filled with such things, and he found one he liked to cut-and-paste into his letter. It's lazy and loathsome. (Also, trying to find the actual quote when it's not referenced can take hours!) So what does George Mason really say?
Let's see. To begin, these are quotes taken from the Virginia delegation's debated on whether to ratify the Constitution or not. And Mason goes on about the militia:
I ask, Who are the militia? They consist now of the whole people, except a few public officers. But I cannot say who will be the militia of the future day. If that paper on the table gets no alteration, the militia of the future day may not consist of all classes, high and low, and {426} rich and poor; but they may be confined to the lower and middle classes of the people, granting exclusion to the higher classes of the people. If we should ever see that day, the most ignominious punishments and heavy fines may be expected. Under the present government, all ranks of people are subject to militia duty. Under such a full and equal representation as ours, there can be no ignominious punishment inflicted. But under this national, or rather consolidated government, the case will be different. The representation being so small and inadequate, they will have no fellow-feeling for the people. They may discriminate people in their own predicament, and exempt from duty all the officers and lowest creatures of the national government. If there were a more particular definition of their powers, and a clause exempting the militia from martial law except when in actual service, and from fines and punishments of an unusual nature, then we might expect that the militia would be what they are. But, if this be not the case, we cannot say how long all classes of people will be included in the militia. There will not be the same reason to expect it, because the government will be administered by different people. We know what they are now, but know not how soon they may be altered.
Jesus Christ. First off, note how Mr. Tate (well, whomever he cut-and-pasted from) altered the quote. Mason was talking about the system
as it existed in 1788. He was speaking about potential future changes that worried him. Moreover, he was clearly talking about militias as state-run organizations, and worried that under a federal system, the rich and powerful maybe have become "exempt from duty." Again, context matters. Some lazy gun-toting right-winger takes a half-quote and thinks Mason is talking about "the whole people" as some armed group ready to take on any threat. But the reality is much different.
Indeed, reading through the entire transcript (the Convention lasted for several weeks-- it's a lot of reading), you get the sense that the assembled group had varying opinions of what a militia was, but that in general it had to do a lot with putting down insurrections. To wit, at one point during the debates, James Madison said:
The way to do this is to organize and discipline our militia, so as to render them capable of defending the country against external invasions and internal insurrections.
So... the point of a militia-- in Madison's eyes, anyhow-- was in part to defend against "internal insurrections." This hardly jibes with Mr. Tate's idea that the "Founders" were all about arming people to
cause insurrections (you know-- in case they became tyrannical)!!!
But what about the second part of Mr. Tate's quote? Sadly, it, too, is taken out of context. To begin, the quote is written to look like it was part of a single coherent thought. But the reality is that it was spoken
three days before the first part of the quote. This is the laziest form of quote-mining, but is entirely expected here.
In any case, let's look at the quote
in context:
No man has a greater regard for the military gentlemen than I have. I admire their intrepidity, perseverance, and valor. But when once a standing army is established in any country, the people lose their liberty. When, against a regular and disciplined army, yeomanry are the only defence, -- yeomanry, unskilful and unarmed, -- what chance is there for preserving freedom? Give me leave to recur to the page of history, to warn you of your present danger. Recollect the history of most nations of the world. What havoc, desolation, and destruction, have been perpetrated by standing armies! An instance within the memory of some of this house will show us how our militia may be destroyed. Forty years ago, when the resolution of enslaving America was formed in Great Britain, the British Parliament was advised by an artful man, who was governor of Pennsylvania, to disarm the people; that it was the best and most effectual way to enslave them; but that they should not do it openly, but weaken them, and let them sink gradually, by totally disusing and neglecting the militia.
What the hell?!? This is just mind-blowing. Forget for a moment that the quote Mr. Tate gave was altered-- Mason was talking about a past-tense event, while Tate makes it look like Mason was peaking generally. But more to the point, here's the deal: you can't say "Oh, look, a 'Founding Father' says that disarming the people is the best way to enslave them, so we need to have armed people!" and fail to acknowledge that just moments before, he railed against a country having a standing army!!!! Again: George Mason was NOT in favor of the United States having a standing army.
To be fair, Mason was a product of his time. But times change, and in general I think it's WORTHLESS to cite with authority the opinions of
people who owned slaves, didn't think women (or men without land) should vote, and figured it was cool
to use leeches to cure illness. Seriously.
Anyhow, as I noted, these were just guys debating stuff before it was ratified. What does the actual Constitution say about the matter. Of course, the Second Amendment is incredibly vague about it. But what about the rest of the document? Fortunately, it's more clear. For instance,
Article 3, Section 3 says:
Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them , or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort.
Note the lack of any clause "unless things get super tyrannical in your opinion." Indeed, it sounds like the US government isn't all in favor of people rebelling at all. In fact, it's
TREASON. Note also
Article 4 Section 4 says that the government "shall protect ... against domestic violence" for all states. I think it's safe here to assume that they're talking about rebellion and insurrection, and not an abusive spouse.
So there it is. In all, Mr. Tate is a lazy thinker, putting out tired, lame ideas to support his cause. A real newspaper might try harder to further the debate in a meaningful way. But the editors of the Oklahoman are as lazy in their thinking as Tate.